Cloth binding
1839 · Paris
by Poiseuille, Jean Leonard Marie
Paris: Academie des Sciences de l'Institut de France, 1841.
1839 FINE FOLDING PLATES: EARLY PRINTING OF POISEUILLE'S FIRST PRIZE-WINNING EXPERIMENTS IN MICROCIRCULATION THAT LED TO HIS FAMOUS EQUATION.
11 inches tall hardcover, recent maroon cloth binding, gilt black leather label to spine, new endpapers, ink notes top of first page, 71 pp [105-175], 6 folding plates (text in French). Pages uncut with age toning to margins, Extract from Mem. pres. div. sav. Acad. Roy. Sci. Inst. France Sci. Math. phys. Vol. 7, pages 105-175, 1839. The first page of the paper states, "ce memoire a remporte le prix de physiologie experimentale, seance publique du 28 decembre, 1835" [this memoir earned the prize of experimental physiology, public session of December 28, 1835]. The plates depict the microcirculation of frog mesentery, salamander lung, neonatal rat bladder, webbed foot and mesentery of frog, and equipment used in the experiments.
JEAN LEONARD MARIE POISEUILLE (1797-1869) studied at the École Polytechnique in Paris. "During his doctoral research on The force of the aortic heart (Poiseuille 1828), Poiseuille invented the U-tube mercury manometer (called the hemodynamometer) and used it to measure pressures in the arteries of horses and dogs. A recording version of the manometer, named the Poiseuille-Ludwig hemodynamometer, was used in medical schools until the 1960s and to this day blood pressures are reported in mm Hg due to Poiseuille's invention. Between 1828 and 1868 Poiseuille published 15 articles ranging from brief communications to the French Academy of Sciences to extensive monographs. It is remarkable that these few experimental papers have made the name of Poiseuille familiar in a variety of fields including engineering, physics, medicine, and biology. Following completion of his doctoral dissertation on the heart and pulse waves, Poiseuille turned his attention to hemodynamics in microcirculation. His observations of the mesenteric microcirculation of the frog (this paper, originally presented in 1835) revealed that blood flow in the arterioles and venules features a plasma layer at the vessel wall in which there are few red cells, that "plasma-skimming" occurs at vessel bifurcations, and that white cells tend to adhere to the vessel wall. The realization that uncontrolled in vivo studies would not permit a clear formulation of the laws governing blood flow in microcirculation led him to undertake his careful and extensive studies of the flow of liquids in small diameter glass capillaries. These studies presumably began sometime in the 1830s since in 1838 he gave a preliminary oral report on the effects of pressure and of tube length to the Societe Philomatique (Poiseuille 1838). Then, in 1839, Poiseuille deposited with the French Academy of Sciences a sealed packet containing the results of his studies on the flow of water through glass tubes and the effects of pressure drop, tube length, tube diameter, and temperature. The purpose of this procedure was to establish priority. During the academic year 1840-1841 he made three oral communications (Memoires Ius) to the Academy of Sciences. Excerpts of these were subsequently published in the Academy's Comptes Rendus (Poiseuille 1840a,b; 1841). In January 1841 Poiseuille deposited another sealed packet of experimental results dealing with the flow of a variety of liquids through glass capillaries. The results and conclusions presented by Poiseuille in 1840-1841 were considered sufficiently important that the Academy appointed an elite Special Commission to investigate their validity. The Commission reported back to the Academy on December 26, 1842 recommending that Poiseuille's work be approved and included in its entirety in Memoires des Savants Etrangers, a publication of the Academy of Sciences. In 1838 he experimentally derived, and in 1840 and 1846 formulated and published, Poiseuille's law (now commonly known as the Hagen–Poiseuille equation, crediting Gotthilf Hagen as well), which applies to laminar flow, that is, non-turbulent flow of liquids through pipes of uniform section, such as blood flow in capillaries and veins. There is no record of where Poiseuille did his work or how it was supported financially. His apparatus was elaborate and certainly required the services of an expert glassblower. The experiments were time-consuming (the calibration of a single capillary tube took as long as twelve hours) so he probably had technical assistance."--from Sutera & Skalak, The History of Poiseuille's Law, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 1993, 25:1-20. (Inventory #: 587)
1839 FINE FOLDING PLATES: EARLY PRINTING OF POISEUILLE'S FIRST PRIZE-WINNING EXPERIMENTS IN MICROCIRCULATION THAT LED TO HIS FAMOUS EQUATION.
11 inches tall hardcover, recent maroon cloth binding, gilt black leather label to spine, new endpapers, ink notes top of first page, 71 pp [105-175], 6 folding plates (text in French). Pages uncut with age toning to margins, Extract from Mem. pres. div. sav. Acad. Roy. Sci. Inst. France Sci. Math. phys. Vol. 7, pages 105-175, 1839. The first page of the paper states, "ce memoire a remporte le prix de physiologie experimentale, seance publique du 28 decembre, 1835" [this memoir earned the prize of experimental physiology, public session of December 28, 1835]. The plates depict the microcirculation of frog mesentery, salamander lung, neonatal rat bladder, webbed foot and mesentery of frog, and equipment used in the experiments.
JEAN LEONARD MARIE POISEUILLE (1797-1869) studied at the École Polytechnique in Paris. "During his doctoral research on The force of the aortic heart (Poiseuille 1828), Poiseuille invented the U-tube mercury manometer (called the hemodynamometer) and used it to measure pressures in the arteries of horses and dogs. A recording version of the manometer, named the Poiseuille-Ludwig hemodynamometer, was used in medical schools until the 1960s and to this day blood pressures are reported in mm Hg due to Poiseuille's invention. Between 1828 and 1868 Poiseuille published 15 articles ranging from brief communications to the French Academy of Sciences to extensive monographs. It is remarkable that these few experimental papers have made the name of Poiseuille familiar in a variety of fields including engineering, physics, medicine, and biology. Following completion of his doctoral dissertation on the heart and pulse waves, Poiseuille turned his attention to hemodynamics in microcirculation. His observations of the mesenteric microcirculation of the frog (this paper, originally presented in 1835) revealed that blood flow in the arterioles and venules features a plasma layer at the vessel wall in which there are few red cells, that "plasma-skimming" occurs at vessel bifurcations, and that white cells tend to adhere to the vessel wall. The realization that uncontrolled in vivo studies would not permit a clear formulation of the laws governing blood flow in microcirculation led him to undertake his careful and extensive studies of the flow of liquids in small diameter glass capillaries. These studies presumably began sometime in the 1830s since in 1838 he gave a preliminary oral report on the effects of pressure and of tube length to the Societe Philomatique (Poiseuille 1838). Then, in 1839, Poiseuille deposited with the French Academy of Sciences a sealed packet containing the results of his studies on the flow of water through glass tubes and the effects of pressure drop, tube length, tube diameter, and temperature. The purpose of this procedure was to establish priority. During the academic year 1840-1841 he made three oral communications (Memoires Ius) to the Academy of Sciences. Excerpts of these were subsequently published in the Academy's Comptes Rendus (Poiseuille 1840a,b; 1841). In January 1841 Poiseuille deposited another sealed packet of experimental results dealing with the flow of a variety of liquids through glass capillaries. The results and conclusions presented by Poiseuille in 1840-1841 were considered sufficiently important that the Academy appointed an elite Special Commission to investigate their validity. The Commission reported back to the Academy on December 26, 1842 recommending that Poiseuille's work be approved and included in its entirety in Memoires des Savants Etrangers, a publication of the Academy of Sciences. In 1838 he experimentally derived, and in 1840 and 1846 formulated and published, Poiseuille's law (now commonly known as the Hagen–Poiseuille equation, crediting Gotthilf Hagen as well), which applies to laminar flow, that is, non-turbulent flow of liquids through pipes of uniform section, such as blood flow in capillaries and veins. There is no record of where Poiseuille did his work or how it was supported financially. His apparatus was elaborate and certainly required the services of an expert glassblower. The experiments were time-consuming (the calibration of a single capillary tube took as long as twelve hours) so he probably had technical assistance."--from Sutera & Skalak, The History of Poiseuille's Law, Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech. 1993, 25:1-20. (Inventory #: 587)